<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" ><generator uri="https://jekyllrb.com/" version="4.4.1">Jekyll</generator><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/feed/content/material-culture.xml" rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" /><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/" rel="alternate" type="text/html" /><updated>2026-06-07T19:30:24+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/feed/content/material-culture.xml</id><title type="html">The Open Buddhist University | Content | Material Culture</title><subtitle>A website dedicated to providing free, online courses and bibliographies in Buddhist Studies. </subtitle><author><name>Khemarato Bhikkhu</name><uri>https://twitter.com/buddhistuni</uri></author><entry><title type="html">“Americans Need Something to Sit On,” or Zen Meditation Materials and Buddhist Diversity in North America</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/americans-need-something-to-sit-on_padgett-douglas-m" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="“Americans Need Something to Sit On,” or Zen Meditation Materials and Buddhist Diversity in North America" /><published>2026-02-10T17:01:13+07:00</published><updated>2026-02-10T17:01:13+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/americans-need-something-to-sit-on_padgett-douglas-m</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/americans-need-something-to-sit-on_padgett-douglas-m"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>chimerically constructed commodities should be considered neither
irrelevant nor an outrage—two common responses. Rather, they are
important elements for understanding the development of any religious
movement, including Buddhism in America (and maybe especially
Buddhism in America).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>An analysis of the meditation cushion industry in America and what it says about American Buddhism.</p>]]></content><author><name>Douglas M. Padgett</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="roots" /><category term="american" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[chimerically constructed commodities should be considered neither irrelevant nor an outrage—two common responses. Rather, they are important elements for understanding the development of any religious movement, including Buddhism in America (and maybe especially Buddhism in America).]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">The Celebration of Congee in East Asian Buddhism</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/celebration-of-congee_toleno-robban" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="The Celebration of Congee in East Asian Buddhism" /><published>2025-09-30T07:39:13+07:00</published><updated>2025-11-29T07:27:53+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/celebration-of-congee_toleno-robban</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/celebration-of-congee_toleno-robban"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>Scholars of Chinese Buddhism have given much attention to vilified foodstuffs such as meat and pungent vegetables and less attention to celebrated foods.
While proscriptions are important for their role in constructing boundaries used in group identification, we should not overlook the celebration of particular foods such as congee (<em>zhōu</em> 粥).</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Robban Toleno</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="food" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="becon" /><category term="east-asian" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[Scholars of Chinese Buddhism have given much attention to vilified foodstuffs such as meat and pungent vegetables and less attention to celebrated foods. While proscriptions are important for their role in constructing boundaries used in group identification, we should not overlook the celebration of particular foods such as congee (zhōu 粥).]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Time and Materials at the Changhe Temple in Hsinchu Taiwan</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/time-and-materials-at-changhe-temple_wooldridge-christopher" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Time and Materials at the Changhe Temple in Hsinchu Taiwan" /><published>2025-08-07T06:58:18+07:00</published><updated>2025-08-07T06:58:18+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/time-and-materials-at-changhe-temple_wooldridge-christopher</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/time-and-materials-at-changhe-temple_wooldridge-christopher"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>The underlying idea of improving and extending through time (xiū 修) linked renovations and rituals.
Managers viewed both as ways to renew the temple community, to protect temple buildings, and to pass liturgical and craft knowledge to future generations.</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Christopher Wooldridge</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="bart" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="future" /><category term="chinese" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[The underlying idea of improving and extending through time (xiū 修) linked renovations and rituals. Managers viewed both as ways to renew the temple community, to protect temple buildings, and to pass liturgical and craft knowledge to future generations.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Entangling Bodies and Places: Material Agency in Urbanizing China</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/entangling-bodies-and-places_wu-kaili-et-al" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Entangling Bodies and Places: Material Agency in Urbanizing China" /><published>2025-08-05T07:17:34+07:00</published><updated>2025-08-05T07:17:34+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/entangling-bodies-and-places_wu-kaili-et-al</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/entangling-bodies-and-places_wu-kaili-et-al"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>At all those locations stood former temples/shrines that gods and ghosts used to occupy but were demolished to make way for urban infrastructure.
Despite repeated banning and purging of deities and temples, worshippers burn incense and paper money, make offerings, and become possessed in those places.
The gods’ agency seems to be exercised even after their temples and bodies are destroyed.</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Kaili Wu</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="chinese" /><category term="present" /><category term="religion" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="wider" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[At all those locations stood former temples/shrines that gods and ghosts used to occupy but were demolished to make way for urban infrastructure. Despite repeated banning and purging of deities and temples, worshippers burn incense and paper money, make offerings, and become possessed in those places. The gods’ agency seems to be exercised even after their temples and bodies are destroyed.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Bulletproof Vest</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/monographs/bulletproof-vest_rosen-kenneth" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Bulletproof Vest" /><published>2025-05-19T21:43:50+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-19T22:24:30+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/monographs/bulletproof-vest_rosen-kenneth</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/monographs/bulletproof-vest_rosen-kenneth"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>What more protection do I need? What else could serve as my protection?</p>
</blockquote>

<p>A journalist buys a bulletproof vest and travels to war zones in the Middle East to report.
He learns what a bulletproof vest can and cannot do for you.</p>]]></content><author><name>Kenneth R. Rosen</name></author><category term="monographs" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="journalism" /><category term="war" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[What more protection do I need? What else could serve as my protection?]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">What is the Real Sal Flower?</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/essays/real-sal-flower_dhammika" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="What is the Real Sal Flower?" /><published>2025-02-19T13:17:14+07:00</published><updated>2025-06-24T13:41:31+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/essays/real-sal-flower_dhammika</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/essays/real-sal-flower_dhammika"><![CDATA[<p>This brief essay explores the devotional practice of flower offerings, particularly those using Sal tree flowers.</p>

<p>The primary flower used in traditional offerings in modern Sri Lanka is not actually the Sal flower but rather the flower of the Cannonball Tree.</p>]]></content><author><name>Bhante Shravasti Dhammika</name><uri>https://buddhistuniversity.net/authors/dhammika</uri></author><category term="essays" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="plants" /><category term="sri-lankan" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[This brief essay explores the devotional practice of flower offerings, particularly those using Sal tree flowers.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Consumer Culture and Advertising</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/papers/consumer-culture-and-advertising_hahn-h-hazel" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Consumer Culture and Advertising" /><published>2024-10-09T23:06:42+07:00</published><updated>2025-08-14T15:58:47+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/papers/consumer-culture-and-advertising_hahn-h-hazel</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/papers/consumer-culture-and-advertising_hahn-h-hazel"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>This essay examines consumption patterns in various regions in [sic] the world during the Fin De Siècle, with an organization by region.</p>
</blockquote>

<blockquote>
  <p>National identity was frequently an important context of consumer culture in the 1870–1914 period.</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>H. Hazel Hahn</name></author><category term="papers" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="mass-media" /><category term="present" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[This essay examines consumption patterns in various regions in [sic] the world during the Fin De Siècle, with an organization by region.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">On the Market: Consumption and Material Culture in Modern Chinese Buddhism</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/on-market-consumption-and-material_tarocco-francesca" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="On the Market: Consumption and Material Culture in Modern Chinese Buddhism" /><published>2024-02-06T14:24:34+07:00</published><updated>2024-09-25T13:06:41+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/on-market-consumption-and-material_tarocco-francesca</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/on-market-consumption-and-material_tarocco-francesca"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>For many Chinese speakers in China and elsewhere, experiencing or connecting with matters of religion often includes mediation through or with material objects.
Such mediation is readily accessible to larger and larger audiences and often occurs through the consumption of religious material goods, thanks also to media technologies and the Internet.
In this article, the author seeks to complicate the notion that the production and consumption of novel Buddhist religious goods can be analyzed solely in terms of ‘market theory.’
While on the one hand the author shows that Buddhist technologies of salvation are historically associated with materiality, she also contends that the ‘aura’ of Buddhist-inspired modern religious goods is not so much effaced as it is reconfigured and transformed by technological mediations.</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Francesca Tarocco</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="media" /><category term="modern" /><category term="chinese" /><category term="material-culture" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[For many Chinese speakers in China and elsewhere, experiencing or connecting with matters of religion often includes mediation through or with material objects. Such mediation is readily accessible to larger and larger audiences and often occurs through the consumption of religious material goods, thanks also to media technologies and the Internet. In this article, the author seeks to complicate the notion that the production and consumption of novel Buddhist religious goods can be analyzed solely in terms of ‘market theory.’ While on the one hand the author shows that Buddhist technologies of salvation are historically associated with materiality, she also contends that the ‘aura’ of Buddhist-inspired modern religious goods is not so much effaced as it is reconfigured and transformed by technological mediations.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">In Praise of Shadows</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/essays/praise-of-shadows_tanizaki" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="In Praise of Shadows" /><published>2024-01-18T15:07:40+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-15T16:21:26+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/essays/praise-of-shadows_tanizaki</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/essays/praise-of-shadows_tanizaki"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>This was the genius of our ancestors, that by cutting off the light from this empty space they imparted to the world of shadows that formed there a quality of mystery and depth superior to that of any wall painting or ornament.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>A meditation on what was lost when Japan rapidly modernized and traded in its traditional aesthetics for Western appliances.</p>]]></content><author><name>Junichiro Tanizaki</name></author><category term="essays" /><category term="present" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="design" /><category term="architecture" /><category term="literature" /><category term="aesthetics" /><category term="japan" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[This was the genius of our ancestors, that by cutting off the light from this empty space they imparted to the world of shadows that formed there a quality of mystery and depth superior to that of any wall painting or ornament.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Dharma Devices, Non-Hermeneutical Libraries, and Robot-Monks: Prayer Machines in Japanese Buddhism</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/dharma-devices-non-hermeneutical_rambelli-fabio" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Dharma Devices, Non-Hermeneutical Libraries, and Robot-Monks: Prayer Machines in Japanese Buddhism" /><published>2023-07-22T21:35:23+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-15T16:21:26+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/dharma-devices-non-hermeneutical_rambelli-fabio</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/dharma-devices-non-hermeneutical_rambelli-fabio"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>For the <em>komusō</em>, the <em>shakuha-chi</em> was not just a musical instrument but a veritable Dharma instrument (<em>hōki</em>).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>On the long history of new media being used by Mahāyāna Buddhists to “spread the Dharma.”</p>]]></content><author><name>Fabio Rambelli</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="history-of-science" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="media" /><category term="mahayana" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[For the komusō, the shakuha-chi was not just a musical instrument but a veritable Dharma instrument (hōki).]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Shaligram Pilgrimage in the Nepal Himalayas</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/av/shaligram_walters-holly" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Shaligram Pilgrimage in the Nepal Himalayas" /><published>2022-12-28T14:26:32+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-15T16:21:26+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/av/shaligram_walters-holly</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/av/shaligram_walters-holly"><![CDATA[<p>An anthropologist inquires into the cultural significance of some Himalayan, ammonite fossils.</p>]]></content><author><name>Holly Walters</name></author><category term="av" /><category term="sociology" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="himalayas" /><category term="nepalese" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[An anthropologist inquires into the cultural significance of some Himalayan, ammonite fossils.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Vv 5.10 Nāga Sutta: Elephant Mansion</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/canon/vv5.10" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Vv 5.10 Nāga Sutta: Elephant Mansion" /><published>2022-11-30T15:38:58+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-28T16:11:48+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/canon/vv.5.10</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/canon/vv5.10"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>I offered eight fallen flowers to the stupa…</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824851224-008" target="_blank">Gregory Schopen</a> (among others) has pondered the lack of stupa-related rules in <a href="/tags/vinaya-pitaka">the Theravāda Vinaya</a> and wondered if this might reflect a sectarian difference in stupa worship.
This <em>sutta</em> from the Theravādan <em>Vimāna Vatthu</em> shows that they not only knew of this common practice, they celebrated it.</p>]]></content><author><name>Ven. Kiribathgoda Gnanananda</name></author><category term="canon" /><category term="vv" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="sects" /><category term="roots" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[I offered eight fallen flowers to the stupa…]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Mannequin Pixie Dream Girl</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/av/mannequin-pixie-dream-girl_99pi" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Mannequin Pixie Dream Girl" /><published>2022-09-09T20:27:05+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-15T16:21:26+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/av/mannequin-pixie-dream-girl_99pi</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/av/mannequin-pixie-dream-girl_99pi"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>Cynthia wasn’t just any old mannequin from New York. This wasn’t even her first social event.
By the time Jeanne’s mother-in-law met her, she had already attended balls, graced the front pages of magazines and appeared in Hollywood movies. Cynthia was a celebrity.</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Mitchell Johnson</name></author><category term="av" /><category term="desire" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="capitalism" /><category term="marketing" /><category term="inner" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[Cynthia wasn’t just any old mannequin from New York. This wasn’t even her first social event. By the time Jeanne’s mother-in-law met her, she had already attended balls, graced the front pages of magazines and appeared in Hollywood movies. Cynthia was a celebrity.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">The Aura of Buddhist Material Objects in the Age of Mass-Production</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/material-objects-in-the-age-of-mass-production_brox-trine" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="The Aura of Buddhist Material Objects in the Age of Mass-Production" /><published>2022-05-09T19:41:36+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-15T16:21:26+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/material-objects-in-the-age-of-mass-production_brox-trine</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/material-objects-in-the-age-of-mass-production_brox-trine"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>… although objects manufactured in factories for profit are not made or handled according to Buddhist tradition, the “aura” can be produced in different ways and at different points of an object’s life</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Trine Brox</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="form" /><category term="modern" /><category term="religion" /><category term="industry" /><category term="capitalism" /><category term="tantric" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[… although objects manufactured in factories for profit are not made or handled according to Buddhist tradition, the “aura” can be produced in different ways and at different points of an object’s life]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">The Laughing Buddha: Doing business and the art of motivation</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/laughing-buddha-doing-business_liong-cheng" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="The Laughing Buddha: Doing business and the art of motivation" /><published>2021-09-11T05:29:18+07:00</published><updated>2025-05-15T16:21:26+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/laughing-buddha-doing-business_liong-cheng</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/laughing-buddha-doing-business_liong-cheng"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>Buddhists pray to the Laughing Buddha requesting for healthy living, good luck, wealth and prosperity; and the Laughing Buddha, as a symbol of motivation, inspires them.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>A brief word on the ubiquitous “Laughing Buddha” statues which adorn Chinese establishments the world over.</p>]]></content><author><name>Ang Sik Liong</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="chinese" /><category term="becon" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="ideology" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[Buddhists pray to the Laughing Buddha requesting for healthy living, good luck, wealth and prosperity; and the Laughing Buddha, as a symbol of motivation, inspires them.]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">Narratives of Buddhist Relics and Images</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/narratives-of-buddhist-relics-and-images_berkwitz-s" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="Narratives of Buddhist Relics and Images" /><published>2021-07-06T05:46:04+07:00</published><updated>2026-04-20T19:02:17+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/narratives-of-buddhist-relics-and-images_berkwitz-s</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/narratives-of-buddhist-relics-and-images_berkwitz-s"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>… the alleged, extraordinary natures of such powerful relics and images compelled certain individuals to narrate and recount how they were found or made, where they traveled, and the various miracles they performed as a testament to their great power</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Stephen C. Berkwitz</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="bart" /><category term="theravada" /><category term="form" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[… the alleged, extraordinary natures of such powerful relics and images compelled certain individuals to narrate and recount how they were found or made, where they traveled, and the various miracles they performed as a testament to their great power]]></summary></entry><entry><title type="html">How to Make and Spend Money: Some Stories from the Indian Classical Literature</title><link href="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/how-to-make-and-spend-money_granoff-phyllis" rel="alternate" type="text/html" title="How to Make and Spend Money: Some Stories from the Indian Classical Literature" /><published>2021-04-25T06:55:27+07:00</published><updated>2024-11-12T10:51:57+07:00</updated><id>https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/how-to-make-and-spend-money_granoff-phyllis</id><content type="html" xml:base="https://buddhistuniversity.net/content/articles/how-to-make-and-spend-money_granoff-phyllis"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
  <p>But the Bodhisattva, unwilling to ask anyone for help, plucks up his courage, and goes out with his basket and cutting tool and cuts grass. He sells the grass and ekes out a meager living, giving what he can to those in need.</p>
</blockquote>]]></content><author><name>Phyllis Granoff</name></author><category term="articles" /><category term="avadana" /><category term="medieval" /><category term="lay" /><category term="material-culture" /><category term="indian" /><summary type="html"><![CDATA[But the Bodhisattva, unwilling to ask anyone for help, plucks up his courage, and goes out with his basket and cutting tool and cuts grass. He sells the grass and ekes out a meager living, giving what he can to those in need.]]></summary></entry></feed>